Orders of Algebras

IsCoercible(S, x) : AlgEtQOrd, Any -> BoolElt, AlgEtQElt
Return whether x is coercible into the order S and the result if so.
Order(gens) : SeqEnum[AlgEtQElt] -> AlgEtQOrd
    Check: RngIntElt                    Default: 100
    CheckIsKnownOrder: BoolElt          Default: true
Construct the order generated by gens over the rationals. The parameter Check (default 100) determines how many times the program tries to obtain a multiplicatively closed lattice by adding the product of the generators. If Check is 0 then this step is skipped. The parameter CheckIsKnownOrder determines whether the program checks if the order is already known, i.e. in the attribute KnownOrders of the algebra. This is to avoid the creation of multiple copies of the same order. The default value is true.
Order(A, orders) : AlgEtQ, Tup -> AlgEtQOrd
Given a sequence of orders in the number fields defining the étale algebra A, generates the direct sum order.
Algebra(S) : AlgEtQOrd -> AlgEtQ
Returns the algebra of the order S.
ZBasis(S) : AlgEtQOrd -> SeqEnum[AlgEtQElt]
Return a Z-basis of the order S.
Generators(S) : AlgEtQOrd ->SeqEnum[AlgEtQElt]
Return a set of generators (as a Z-algebra) of the order S.
O1 eq O2 : AlgEtQOrd, AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt
Checks equality of orders in an étale Algebra.

Equality of orders is performed using the Hash attribute which is constructed as follows. Let S be an order. Let P be the upper triangular Hermite normal form of the integer square matrix d.M where M is the matrix whose rows are the coefficients of a Z-basis of S and d is the least common denominator of its entries. The Hash of S is defined to be the sequence consisting of the least common denominator of frac(1)(d).P and the entries of the upper triangular part of frac(1)(d).P. This hashing method has no collisions and it is independent of the choice of Z-basis from which we start the procedure.

x in O : AlgEtQElt, AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt
x in O : RngIntElt, AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt
x in O : FldRatElt, AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt
Return whether the element x is contained in the order O of an algebra.
AbsoluteCoordinates(seq, O) : SeqEnum[AlgEtQElt], AlgEtQOrd -> SeqEnum
Returns the coordinates of the elements in seq with respect to the stored Z-basis of O.
One(S) : AlgEtQOrd -> AlgEtQElt
Returns the unit element of the order S.
Zero(S) : AlgEtQOrd -> AlgEtQElt
Returns the zero element of the order S.
Random(O, bd) : AlgEtQOrd, RngIntElt -> AlgEtQElt
    ZeroDivisorsAllowed: BoolElt        Default: false
Returns a random element of the order O. The coefficients are bounded by the positive integer bd. One can allow zero-divisors using the optional parameter ZeroDivisorsAllowed, which is set to false by default.
Random(O) : AlgEtQOrd -> AlgEtQElt
    CoeffRange: RngIntElt               Default: 3
    ZeroDivisorsAllowed: BoolElt        Default: false
Returns a random (small coefficient) element of the order O. The range of the random coefficients can be increased by giving the optional parameter CoeffRange. One can allow zero-divisors using the optional parameter ZeroDivisorsAllowed, which is set to false by default.
IsKnownOrder(~R) : AlgEtQOrd ->
This procedure checks whether the order R is already in the list of known orders of the algebra A containing R. If so then it replaces R with the copy stored in the attribute KnownOrders. If not it adds it to KnownOrders. This is done to avoid creating multiple copies of the same order.
EquationOrder(A) : AlgEtQ -> AlgEtQOrd
Given an étale algebra defined by a polynomial, returns the monogenic order defined by the same polynomial.
ProductOfEquationOrders(A) : AlgEtQ -> AlgEtQOrd
Given an étale algebra A, returns the order consisting of the product of the equation orders of the number fields.
MaximalOrder(A) : AlgEtQ -> AlgEtQOrd
Returns the maximal order of the étale algebra A. It is the direct sum of the ring of integers of the number fields composing the algebra.
IsMaximal(S) : AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt
Returns whether the order S is the maximal order of the étale algebra.
IsProductOfOrders(O) : AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt, Tup
Return if the order O is a product of orders in number fields, and if so return also the sequence of these orders.
IsProductOfOrdersInComponents(O) : AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt, Tup
Returns whether the argument is a product of orders in the components of its parent algebra. If so, it returns also a tuple containing these orders.
IsProductOfOrdersInFactorAlgebras(S) : AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt, SeqEnum[AlgEtQElt]
Returns whether the given order is a product of orders living in some factor algebras of the parent algebra. This is equivalent to containing some idempotents of the algebra other than 0 and 1. If this is the case, it returns also the idempotents.

Example AlgEtQ_OrdersFactorAlgebras (H42E5)

> _<x> := PolynomialRing(Integers());
> // We consider the following three number fields
> K1 := NumberField(x^2-2);
> K2 := NumberField(x^2-3);
> K3 := NumberField(x^2-5);
> // We define the product Ãùtale algebra A and the factor algebras B and C consisting of only the first two components and the last one, respectively.
> B := EtaleAlgebra([K1,K2]);
> C := EtaleAlgebra([K3]);
> A, embs, projs := DirectProduct([B,C]);
> // The maximal order of A is the product of the three ring of integers.
> OA := MaximalOrder(A);
> IsProductOfOrdersInComponents(OA);
true <Maximal Equation Order with defining polynomial x^2 - 2 over its ground order, Maximal Equation Order with defining polynomial x^2 - 3 over its ground order, Maximal Order of Equation Order with defining polynomial x^2 - 5 over its ground order>
> // The equation order of A is not a product in any factor algebra
> EA := EquationOrder(A);
> IsProductOfOrdersInFactorAlgebras(EA);
false []
> // Now we construct an order that is a product of an order in B and one in C, but does not admit further splittings.
> a := PrimitiveElement(A);
> e1 := A![1,0,0];
> e2 := A![0,1,1];
> R := Order([a*e1,a*e2]);
> IsProductOfOrdersInFactorAlgebras(R);
true [ <1, 0, 0>, <0, 1, 1> ]
Index(T) : AlgEtQOrd -> FldRatElt
Given an order T compute its index with respect to the basis of the algebra of T as a free Z-module.
Index(S, T) : AlgEtQOrd, AlgEtQOrd -> FldRatElt
Given two orders T ⊂S, returns [S:T] = #S/T.
O1 subset O2 : AlgEtQOrd, AlgEtQOrd -> BoolElt
Checks whether O1 is contained in O2.
O1 * O2 : AlgEtQOrd, AlgEtQOrd -> AlgEtQOrd
Returns the order generated by the orders O1 and O2.
O1 meet O2 : AlgEtQOrd, AlgEtQOrd -> AlgEtQOrd
Return the intersection of orders O1 and O2.
MultiplicatorRing(R) : AlgEtQOrd -> AlgEtQOrd
Returns the multiplicator ring of an order R, that is R itself.
V2.29, 28 November 2025